The Economic Community of West African States ECOWAS have been tasked to increase access to electricity in the sub-region.
This will guarantee stable and affordable energy, integrate the power markets of member states, harness and create an investment framework towards the utilisation of energy resources,
ECOWAS Energy Consultant, Denis Asare has said.
According to Asare, West Africa is endowed with enormous energy resources, saying the resources are unevenly distributed, and located far from those without access.
“Access to electricity is overly concentrated in the urban centres. Only Ghana, Cape Verde, and Cote d’Ivoire have achieved over 50 percent rural access,”.
Dennis Asare, Consultant, Centre for Energy and Natural Resources Studies in Accra, Ghana made the revelation on Tuesday during a presentation on the theme “Investment Promotion and Protection of stakeholders in the Ecowas Regional Electricity Market.”
According to the International Energy Agency (2022), Cape Verde registered 93 percent rural access, Ghana has 74 percent access, and Cote d’Ivoire with 55 percent.
The reports showed Nigeria only registered 36 percent rural coverage, Senegal with 47 percent, Niger with 1 percent, and The Gambia with 35 percent.
“The regional electricity market has not worked effectively because: utility companies are not financially viable, weak transmission and distribution infrastructure, inadequate investment and finances, and non-enforcement of regional regulatory measures.”
According to the WAPP 2017 findings, out of the 92 percent power generated, only 8 percent was traded.
“Averagely, Ghana’s transmission losses were about 60-70 percent of total exports to the sub-region over the last two decades. In 2021, Ghana’s transmission losses were equivalent to 62 percent of exports”, he explained.
He also pointed to the Ecowas Parliament Joint Committee meeting that despite the challenges of the regional market, its transition of electricity offers significant tariff and financial savings to member states.
“Ghana, Côte d’Ivoire, and Nigeria could achieve production savings of about US$250 million and US$700 million respectively by 2025 with unit cost savings between 4-11 percent,” according to Power Africa (2019).
In terms of Renewable Energy, Asare said Renewable energy investment in West Africa has been relatively low in the past two decades.
According to him, “West Africa received only 7 percent of Renewable Energy Investment between 2000 and 2020.
“Nonetheless, West Africa is the second highest destination of off-grid Renewable Energy investment in Africa. West Africa received about a third ($509 millions) of the total off-grid Renewable Energy investment between 2010 and 2020.”
On the way forward, Asare recommended that Governments must commit to creating a stable political and economic environment to reduce risk of project failure in the sub-region.
He cited the recent political instability in Burkina Faso, Mali, and Guinea. “Governments must create a sound regulatory framework such as transparent licensing and tariff regimes for such solutions to thrive.”
